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How to Apply for Adaptive Equipment Grant: VA Form 21-4502

How to Apply for Adaptive Equipment Grant: VA Form 21-4502
Michael Ehline, inactive United States Marine, Los Angeles personal injury attorney

Many veterans are unaware of the less well-known benefits, such as the automobile adaptive allowance, even if they often are aware of or participate in the VA health care system and get VA disability compensation for a disability related to their service.

The VA Automobile Allowance: What Is It? | Service-connected Disability

Veterans who are unable to drive due to a service-connected disability may be eligible for an automobile adaptive allowance. To help veterans with specific sorts of impairments, VA now provides an adapted equipment benefit in addition to the allowance.

If granted the VA automobile allowance, the benefit entails a one-time payment of $21,488.29, which, as of 2021, may be applied toward the purchase price of an adaptive equipment automobile or other conveyance.

The benefit may be used to modify a vehicle for special equipment.

Examples of Adaptive Equipment

  • Power steering
  • Brakes
  • Seats
  • Windows
  • Lift equipment to enter and exit the specially equipped vehicle.

Who Is Eligible for Automobile Allowance or Adaptive Equipment?

Veterans and active duty service members with a service-connected disability that the VA identifies as affecting their ability to drive are eligible for the automobile allowance and adaptive equipment benefit.

At least one symptom on the VA-approved list of service-connected illnesses must be present in the veteran or service member.

What Conditions Are Approved for Automobile Allowance?

The veteran or service member must meet one of the requirements below to be eligible for an automobile allowance or adaptive equipment allowance:

  • Loss, or permanent loss of use, of one or both feet, or
  • Loss, or permanent loss of use, of one or both hands, or
  • Permanent decreased vision in both eyes: 20/200 vision or less in your better eye with glasses, or greater than 20/200 vision but with a visual field defect that has reduced your peripheral vision to 20 degrees or less in your better eye, or
  • A severe burn injury, or
  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or
  • Ankylosis in one or both knees or hips (Note: This condition is only applicable for an adaptive equipment grant).

How to Apply for an Automotive Allowance or Adaptive Equipment Allowance: VA Form 21-4502

Essentially, the veteran or service member must have earned a service connection before purchasing the car or installing the adaptive equipment in order to apply for an automobile allowance or an adaptive equipment grant. Service members may apply for these VA benefits before military discharge or after.

Veterans must state that they are service-connected for one of the accepted conditions when applying for either an automotive allowance or an adapted equipment allowance.

Furthermore, veterans or military service members must complete VA Form 21-4502, or Application for Car or Other Conveyance and Adaptive Equipment, to request an automobile allowance for a specially equipped vehicle. If the grant is approved, VA will pay the equipment seller directly.

The VA Form 10-1394, or Application for Adaptive Equipment-Motor Vehicle, must be completed by military members in order to apply for the adaptive equipment grant. In exchange for this grant, the VA may choose to directly pay the equipment seller or the veteran or military member.

Timeline of Automobile Allowance VA Benefits

Fill out VA Form 21-4502 and send it to your local VA regional office to apply for the automotive allowance as a veteran or servicemember (RO).

The RO issues a decision either approving or rejecting the allowance. Furthermore, the RO must consider the veteran’s eligibility for the allowance as well as whether they had previously received it while making this decision.

If someone has already gotten the allowance, they will be turned down because it can only be issued once.

Section II: The RO will complete Section II of the VA Form 21-4502 that the veteran or service member filed if the RO has determined that the veteran is eligible for the vehicle allowance. Thereafter, the veteran or service member will then get this by a letter from the RO.

Section III: Upon obtaining the form with completed Section II, the veteran or service member may then acquire the car. They will complete Section III of the form and then return it back to the RO.

Invoice: The vehicle’s seller will then provide the RO with the invoice for the vehicle.

Last but not least, the RO finance department will finish paying the seller’s vehicle allowance after receiving the invoice.

Adaptive Equipment Allowance Schedule

Although there are a few significant differences, the timing and procedure for the grant for adapted equipment are generally similar to those for the automobile grant.

Application for Benefits

VA Form 10-1394 must be completed by the veteran or service member. A local VA outpatient clinic may provide the form, and its prosthetics department may send it on to the nearby VA RO.

Once the paperwork has been received, the RO will issue a decision. The RO will consider the veteran’s status for a service-connected disability, the date it became effective, and any special authorizations provided by the district VA outpatient clinic into account while making this decision.

Thereafter, the application will be returned to the VA outpatient clinic if the RO decides the veteran is not qualified for the adaptive equipment grant. The prosthetic department of the treating VA Medical Center or clinic shall complete the form and return it to the RO finance department for payment if the RO authorizes the grant.

Payment

Payment is complete once it is delivered to the veteran or the person who installed the adaptive equipment.

Do You Have Questions Concerning Adaptive Equipment and Automobile Allowance? | Contact Us Today

The staff at Paul Ehline Ride are ready to help you if you are a qualified disabled veteran and the VA rejected your application for an automobile allowance and an adaptive equipment motor vehicle.

Our lawyers assist veterans and their families in their efforts to obtain VA benefits and disability compensation. Contact us today for a free case evaluation.

If you’d like to check your eligibility for such claims, you can visit any of the federal government websites and follow the steps given.

 

Agent Orange Dioxin Hotspots | The Environmental Impact

About Agent Orange in Vietnam War Crimes 

What Is Agent Orange?

Agent Orange is referred to as a mixture of herbicides that was used by the U.S. military during the Vietnam war. Its purpose was to defoliate forest cover and clear other areas of vegetation. 

This mix of herbicide was heavily sprayed in all of Vietnam’s agricultural, urban, and forested areas to destroy food crops and expose the enemy. Several herbicides other than Agent Orange was also used in Vietnam; they were code-named Agents White, Blue, Purple, Green, and Pink. 

Why Is Agent Orange Dangerous? 

Contaminated Agent Orange is considered dangerous due to the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) that it contains. TCDD is a by-product of the production of herbicides and is very toxic, even in small amounts. What’s worse is that TCDD in the natural environment can last for many years. 

Why Is Agent Orange Spraying a Cause for Concern? 

A total of 20 million gallons, estimated to be at least two-thirds of the Rainbow herbicides that were used during the Vietnam war, contained the Dioxin-contaminated phenoxy herbicide 2,4,5-T. It was also found that the other herbicides used, in addition to those with Dioxin contamination, were 50 times more than the recommended concentration used for killing plants.

At Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, Dr. Jeanne Stellman and her former colleagues examined the spray data from the war and discovered that 366 kilograms of Dioxin were sprayed on South Vietnam. Their discoveries also showed a surplus of inventories of Agent Orange from Johnston Island and Gulfport, MS, located in the Pacific, containing Dioxin of around 6.2 to 14.3 ppt before they were destroyed.

A Further Look into the Investigation of Dioxin Contamination 

From 1994 onwards, a Canadian environmental firm called Hatfield Consultants conducted extensive testing on humans, animals, and the soil to determine the levels of Dioxin that remain in Vietnam’s soil and sediments, as well as the chemical accumulation’s extent into the food chain.

Testing began in A Luoi Valley, an extremely remote valley with barely any agricultural infrastructure and no industry. Between 1965 and 1970, as many as 224 spraying missions had been flown over this site. A Luoi Valley was home to three U.S. military special force bases. On the other hand, A So base was used for three years, where the Agent Orange stored in the barrels of this base was used in the surrounding areas. 

It was in these surrounding heavily sprayed areas of the base where researchers found Dioxin levels of up to 897.85 ppt. Ducks and fish were found to have elevated levels of Dioxin present in their fatty tissues, and the local population was also found to have high levels of dioxin in their breast milk and blood. 

Other areas of the former A Luoi and Ta Bat military bases also had raised levels of Dioxin, ranging between 4.3 ppt to 35 ppt, even though they were only in operation for one year. 

The Air Bases 

The Canadian environmental firm theorized that there were other primarily former military-installed bases that were laden with Dioxin throughout Southern Vietnam. They were later designated as “hotspots,” and these dioxin hot spots were of particular concern. 

From as early as the mid-1990s, at least 28 bases were identified by Hatfield to have raised levels of Dioxin contamination. The Bien How, Phu Cat, and Da Nang bases are among these numerous Dioxin hot spots that have dioxin contamination of above 150 ppt in the sediment and above 1,000 ppt toxic equivalents (TEQ) in the contaminated soils. This was considered to be Vietnam’s standard for remediation. 

All three bases were identified as priorities for remediation by the Vietnamese government; however, the Da Nang air base was of particular concern due to the fact that after the war, it became a domestic and international airport vital to the country’s central coast region. 

Committed to helping Vietnam address the unfavorable Dioxin contamination at the Ben Koa and Da Nang bases was the United States government. This joint project was completed in 2018, and the United States and Vietnam began to work together to remediate the Ben Hoa base in 2019. 

Throughout Southern Vietnam, the remaining dioxin hotspots were found to have much lower dioxin concentrations, most of which fell under the level of remediation. Thus, mitigation efforts in these cases to keep people and animals off the site and the movement of contaminated soil were considered enough. The A So Base in A Luoi and other areas, however, still require more remediation work by the Vietnamese government. 

How Has Agent Orange Affected the General Population?

Vietnam has reported that 400,000 people have either suffered permanent injury or death as a result of Agent Orange exposure. Furthermore, around 2,000,000 people have also suffered from illnesses caused by exposure to Agent Orange, and an estimated 500,000 babies were born with serious birth defects due to the effects of the toxic herbicides used in the Vietnam war. 

Today, Agent Orange is still affecting people’s health, even though major manufacturers have denied that the mix of herbicides has long-lasting impacts on human health. Since as early as 1978, several class action lawsuits have been filed against companies that produced Agent Orange, among these are Dow Chemical, Diamond Shamrock, and Monsanto. 

However, on 7 May 1984, Dow Chemical and the other chemical companies settled a class action lawsuit just before the jury selection was about to begin. They agreed to pay $180 million in compensation if the veterans agreed to drop all claims against them. 

Health Problems Resulting from Exposure to Agent Orange 

Vietnamese people and military veterans exposed to Agent Orange may suffer from congenital deformations or skin diseases, depending on the timing, length, and intensity of their exposure. Due to its high concentrations of Dioxin, Agent Orange is a carcinogen that causes cancers in those that have been exposed. 

In addition, there are also long-lasting impacts on pregnancy, such as abnormal fetal development and miscarriages. Exposure to Agent Orange has also been linked to type 2 diabetes, hormone disruption, heart disease, and dysfunction of the immune and muscular systems. 

Congress enacted the Agent Orange Act of 1991 to give the Department of Veterans Affairs the authority to declare certain presumptive conditions as a result of exposure to dioxin, allowing Veterans who served in Vietnam to be eligible to receive treatment and disability compensation for these conditions.

Since 1991, this list has grown and includes:

  • Prostate cancer
  • Respiratory cancers 
  • Parkinson’s disease 
  • Multiple myeloma.

How an Attorney at Ehline Law Can Help Victims of Chemical Warfare Recover the Compensation They Deserve

Those who are suffering or have loved ones suffering from serious health effects as a result of exposure to Agent Orange should get into contact with a lawyer from Ehline Law immediately. 

Legal proceedings can cause a lot of stress and anxiety, so it is better to hand them over to the skilled legal team at Ehline Law. They are reliable and compassionate lawyers who will know how to achieve the best possible outcome for your terrible situation. 

Victims can get in touch with Ehline Law today at (213) 596-9642 to schedule a free, no-obligation consultation. 

A Comprehensive Guide to Landlord Mitigation of Damages in 2022

The duty to mitigate applies even in the absence of any clause proclaiming the landlord can sleep on their rights and not mitigate. Whether or not a lease agreement has been signed between the landlord and tenant, disagreements arise from time to time, leaving either party seeking the best way to mitigate damages.

Common area in retirement community. A Comprehensive Guide to Landlord Mitigation of Damages in 2022

A landlord MUST Mitigate and Not Rely on Suing

Ultimate Guide to Mitigating Rent

This usually happens when the tenant breaks the terms of the lease by failing to pay rent or some other similar infringement. While the eviction process and subsequent search for a replacement tenant have always been complex for the landlord, it is made more complicated by situations such as the eviction moratoriums imposed during the recent Covid-19 pandemic.

Profitable Property

However, for the rental property to be profitable, it is the landlord’s duty to mitigate damages caused by the tenant’s breach of the lease. As such, they need to have a plan of action to know what to do after reasonable efforts have been made to recover rent money.

Michael Ehline and the experienced attorneys at Ehline Law Firm are here to help landlords in such situations. If you are having problems with tenants who withhold rent, refuse to leave after the lease expires, re-rent your property without approval, or break specific rules of the rental agreements, then give us a call at (833) – LETS SUE.

A Landlord’s Duty to Mitigate When the Tenant Breaks the Lease Agreement

In most jurisdictions, such as Alabama, California, Georgia, Florida, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, Massachusetts, Tennessee, South Dakota, and Washington, the duty to mitigate damages after retaking possession of rental premises generally falls on the landlord.

When a tenant moves out before their lease agreement is up, the court may rule that it is the landlord’s duty to mitigate damages, including making any repairs necessary to re-rent the property to a prospective tenant. Suppose for any reason, a landlord fails to mitigate damages in a situation where reasonable efforts could have been made to acquire a replacement tenant. In that case, the tenant cannot be asked to cover the outstanding rent stated on the lease based on the information provided.

Landlord Causes of Action: When Things Go Wrong

A wide range of disputes may arise between the landlord and the tenant that may land them in court trying to mitigate damages after lease agreements have been breached.

While this is not ideal for anyone, if reasonable efforts have been made to solve the issue without success, the only solution is to hire a lawyer and sue.

The following are some of the common lawsuits by landlords that we can assist you with:

Failure To Pay Rent

The most common cause of complaint among landlords is when a tenant fails to pay rent on time. In such cases, if it can be proved that reasonable efforts have been made to recover unpaid rent for the leased property, the landlord can approach the courts and request that the tenant is evicted.

Understand it is also the landlord’s right to withhold the security deposit where applicable, and seek monetary damages for unpaid rent, any accompanying late fees, and costs associated with the lawsuit language.

Breach of Lease

In cases where the tenant breaches the lease in any way, the landlord has the right to evict them after adequate notice has been given. If the landlord fails to prove a clear violation of the rental agreement, they cannot forcibly remove the tenant from the premises.

Reasonable diligence on the part of the landlord means they must give a 30-day notice for violation of the lease or a 14-day notice for a serious breach of the lease that poses clear and imminent harm to other occupants of the property.

If the tenant refuses to leave early within the stipulated notice period, the landlord can file a Complaint and Summons Against the Tenant in Breach of Lease. This will effectively put the matter into the hands of the court system and is a crucial step when mitigating damages.

Wrongful Detainer

Landlords that discover that a person has been living on their property without permission can file a lawsuit against the individual for eviction without notice and any money damages that the court rules to be reflective of what the reasonable rent of the property would have been. If the unlawful tenant abandons the property before the court date, the landlord can show up and request that the lawsuit be dismissed.

Holding Over

When a tenant refuses to vacate the property after the lease term has expired, this is called holding over, and the landlord has the right to sue for eviction and money damages. As long as the tenant is not being forced to terminate the lease early without cause, then in most cases, the court rules in favor of the landlord. Money damages can include any outstanding rent owed by the tenant, the security deposit as a penalty for breaching the lease term, and the value of any losses in rental income due to the inability to sign prospective tenants.

Money Damages After Tenant Leaves

The purpose of the security deposit is to cover any property damage caused by the tenant that the landlord will have to have fixed before a new tenant can occupy the premises. However, in some cases, the extent of the property damage will far exceed the value of the security deposit. The landlord can sue the tenant for money damages to at least cover the bare minimum of costs. The court will also consider the time it takes to restore the premises to livable conditions, during which time the landlord will be unable to re-rent the property to a prospective tenant.

Breaking a Rental Lease and Grounds for Eviction

Just as there are many reasons for eviction, there are also many valid reasons why a tenant may choose to vacate a premises before their lease ends, such as finding employment in another city, imminent sale of the property, or immigration.

The following are some of the reasons deemed acceptable by the contract law in most states that landlords and prospective tenants need to be aware of:

Valid Reasons for a Tenant to Break a Lease

A tenant’s breach of lease terms may be because of the following:

  • Military Reasons

If a tenant is forced to leave for active duty or to change stations, then, according to the Service Members Civil Relief Act (SCRA), the landlord has no choice other than a termination of the lease agreement. The landlord has 30 days from the day they are served with the written orders for active duty to comply with the lease termination.

  • Health Problems

While health issues are not considered legal reasons to end a lease early in the entire country, other states allow tenants to vacate their home if they feel that their health is at major risk by staying there.

  • Landlord Has Violated the Terms of the Lease

The landlord must ensure that the premises they are letting out are kept in a safe and habitable condition by doing regular repairs and maintenance throughout the building. If the landlord fails to maintain the building in a reasonable state, the tenant has the right to seek termination of the lease and vacate the unit.

Lawful Grounds for Eviction

The law allows the eviction of the tenant before the lease ends under the following conditions:

  • Tenant Fails To Pay Rent

A landlord can seek to evict a tenant who does not pay rent on time and free up the unit for new tenants after the provision of evidence that reasonable efforts for rent recovery have been made.

  • Property Damage

Not taking care of the property and causing a lot of damage can be grounds for eviction of the negligent tenants. The landlord can also use the security deposit, or a portion thereof, to mitigate property damages.

  • Illegal Activities

Tenants who engage in any illegal activities on the premises will be deemed to have violated the terms of the rental agreement. In such cases, a landlord should hire the services of a good attorney to assist in the eviction procedure without putting themselves at risk of breaching the law.

  • Lease Term Ends

When the lease ends, the tenant has to vacate the property after being given a reasonable notice period.

How to Properly Evict a Tenant

At Ehline Law Firm, we have assisted many landlords in properly evicting unwanted tenants from their properties. One thing we have always advised our clients on is the importance of knowing how to evict a person without breaching the law and landing themselves in court.

This has never been more important than during the recent Covid-19 outbreak, where contract laws and public policy regarding tenancy were temporarily suspended to provide a certain amount of cushion for cash-strapped tenants.

If you intend on evicting tenants and retaking possession of your property, take the following steps:

  • If you win the lawsuit, allow the court-appointed sheriffs to handle the eviction process, which usually takes not more than eight days.
  • Approach an Ehline Law attorney for clarification on eviction statutes
  • Make reasonable efforts to resolve the dispute with your tenant
  • As a landlord, provide written notice of eviction to the tenants
  • Wait for you and your tenant to be issued a court date
  • File for eviction using the proper court channels
  • Provide solid and legal reasons for eviction.

Reasonable Efforts and the Role of the Expert Witness

When it comes to proving that reasonable efforts have been made to mitigate damages, it is the landlord’s responsibility to provide an expert witness who can attest to this. The testimony from the witness is essential in showing that the landlord has properly observed the duty to mitigate.

In most cases, the court will require a breakdown of the steps taken by the landlord in mitigation efforts as well as the inconveniences that came about when the tenant decided to abandon the property prematurely, such as advertising, hiring a property broker, finding new tenants, and not being able to re-rent at the same rentals as before.

It is not always clear which party carries the burden of proof when it comes to demonstrating those reasonable efforts to acquire prospective tenants.

The following are what the courts deem to be reasonable efforts on the part of the landlord:

Basic Efforts

The landlord has to advertise the premises on various platforms such as newspapers or a real estate website. They also have to make time to show the property to prospective tenants and hire the services of a real estate broker. In other words, the court requires that a landlord take an active role in the search for a new tenant rather than doing the bare minimum.

Advanced Undertakings

At times, the landlord must go a few steps further in securing a replacement tenant, such as making general repairs to the property to make it easier to market. However, determining what a landlord must or mustn’t do is up to the discretion of the court; for instance, a landlord may not be required to repair the property if the previous tenant is responsible for leaving the house in its current poor condition.

In circumstances whereby the vacating tenant owes the owner rent or utilities, then the landlord is under no obligation to reduce any money damages or provisions they are entitled to.

Signing a New Tenant

Even after going the extra mile in making repairs and advertising on a rental property website, the landlord may still be required to show that they have signed a new professional lease with a prospective tenant.

In such cases, an expert witness may be required to offer testimony on the intended use of the premises by the new tenant because the landlord is under no obligation to accept any tenants.

Just like with any other lease, the landlord/tenant relationship should benefit both parties, meaning the landlord may reject a would-be tenant if they are found unsuitable, for example, if their credit scores are poor.

There is also no reason to assume that the landlord must assist the tenant in providing resources to make paying rentals easier.

Buying or Selling a Rental Property in the Middle of a Lease Term

What if you need extra cash and your only option is to sell your rental property? Maybe a great offer is too good to resist; what happens to the landlord/tenant lease? These are some issues that an experienced attorney, such as Michael Ehline, can assist landlords with a judgment or settlement.

The good news is that we can help you do it in a way that will put neither the landlord nor the tenant at a major disadvantage. As a landlord, there are things you can do to mitigate the effects of the sale on your tenants.

We recommend the following:

  • If needed, assist the tenant in finding new accommodation at a similar renting cost
  • Agree on the most convenient showing times for the property
  • Make sure the prospective owner knows about the tenants
  • Ensure the tenant is up to date with rental payments
  • Give your tenant enough notice of the intended sale.

How Ehline Lawyers Can Help

Whether your tenant breaks the lease agreement or you have to make mitigation efforts after your property is suddenly vacated, there are a lot of services that a qualified attorney can assist you with.

If you approach our legal office for a free consult, we can offer the following:

  • Helping you recover outstanding rent and compensation for damage to property
  • Preventing unfair mitigation from being imposed on you
  • Presiding over hearings between landlord and tenant
  • Providing legal advice in terms of the rental statute
  • Drawing up legally sound leases
  • Representing you in courts.

Final Word Over Landlord Mitigation of Damages

Landlords have not always been required to provide mitigation for damages that result from premature termination of leases, but that has since changed in many states. The legal process is now highly skewed in favor of the tenant. And this is partly because of the effects of global pandemics such as the Covid-19 outbreak will create.

Many property owners are not yet familiar with the implications of these changes in rental laws, and they are often caught unawares when ordered by the courts to mitigate their damages. If you are in a similar situation, visit our website for more information on how we can assist you. Give us a call today and let one of our experienced attorneys take the case.

You can save yourself a lot of money by having the right lawyer by your side. Michael Ehline and his team of expert lawyers have years of experience assisting landlords in successfully handling the issue of mitigation.